考点精讲
1. 并列连词
常见的并列连词有and，but，or，not….but….(不是…而是….),not only…but also….(不仅….而且….);neither….nor…..(既不….也不….)either….or….(要么….要么….)
用法：并列的成分保持一致（可以并列主语，谓语，宾语，状语等）
例如：She is not a teacher but a doctor.(并列宾语)
Tom is not in the library but in the room.(并列状语)
Either Li lei or Jim goes to see a movie.(并列主语)
注意：在高考中主要是结合句意来理解
例如：
1） He is a shy man,_____ he is not afraid of anything or anyone.(2015北京)
解析：结合句意，他是个害羞的人，但不怕任何事和任何人。表转折故填but。
2） Give me a chance,____I’ll give you a wonderful surprise.(天津高考)
解析：根据句意：给我一个机会，我就会给你个伟大的惊喜。此时这里表示并列关系，故填and。
2. 状语从句
连接两个对立的分句;连词后的句子为从句，另个句子是主句；
例如：If you can study hard,(从句) you will be successful.（主句）
1） when, while ,as的用法
都可以表示“当…..时候”；可以相互替换；
as、when、while用法一览表
|
类别 |
作 用 |
例 句 |
|
as |
as表示“当……的时候”，往往和when/ while通用，但它着重强调主句与从句的动作或事情同时或几乎同时发生。 |
She came up as I was cooking.(同时) The runners started as the gun went off.(几乎同时) |
|
when |
(at or during the time that )既可以表示在某一点的时候，又可表示在某一段时间内，主句与从句的动作或事情可以同时发生也可以先后发生。 |
It was raining when we arrived.(指时间点) When we were at school, we went to the library every day.(在一段时间内) |
|
while |
while意思是“当……的时候”或“在某一段时间里”。主句中的动作或事情在从句中的动作或事情的进展过程中发生，从句中的动词一般要用延续性动词。在when表示a period of time时，两者可以互换。 |
Please don’t talk so loud while others are working. He fell asleep while/when reading. Strike while the iron is hot.(用as或when不可，这里的while意思是“趁……”) |
注意：when还可以表示这时，突然的意思；
例如：We are having a meeting when someone breaks into the room.（when这里表示突然）
while可以表示然而，尽管等含义
例如：He likes pop music,while I am fond of folk music.(表示对比关系)
2） 表示“一…….就……”的连词
有：as soon as, once, immediately,instantly, the moment,the minute, hardly……when……, no sooner…..than……;
例如：As soon as I get home, I start to do my homework.
3） 容易混淆的连词
有：as long as (只要)；even if/even though即使；as if /as though 好像；now that 既然；in case 以防；万一；so that 以便于等
4） 让步状语从句
（1）although与though可以引导让步状语从句，不能与but连用，但可以与yet连用。
Although they are poor,(yet)they are warm-hearted.
（2）even if或even though引导让步状语从句，表示“即使”，“纵然”，用来使人注意下文所强调内容的性质。
I’ll get there even if(though)I have to sell my house to get enough money to go by air.
（3）no matter后接上who、what、where、how等疑问词，也可以在这类疑问词后面加上ever构成whoever、whatever、wherever、however等。
Don’t trust him, no matter what / whatever he says.
Whoever breaks the law will be published.
No matter how hard the work is, you’d better try to do it well.
（4）as也可以引导让步状语从句。要用倒装。
Child as(though)he is, he knows a lot.
Much as I like it, I won’t buy.
Try as he would, he couldn’t lift the heavy box.
5）because, for, as, since, now that的区别
（1）表示不知道的原因时用because,即说话人认为听话人不知道，因此because从句是全句最重要的部分，通常它被置于主句之后。
You want to know why I’m leaving? I’m leaving because I’m full.
for虽然表示不知道的原因，但其语气较because要弱得多，是可说可不说的话，它只能置于主句之后，这时，for是并列连词。如果不是因果关系，而是对前面主句的内容加以解释或推断时，只能用for。如：It’s morning now, for the birds are singing.（很显然，鸟叫不可能是“现在已是早上”的原因。）
（2）表示已经知道的原因时用as或since,即某种原因在说话人看来已经很明显，或已为听话人所熟悉，因此它是句中不很重要的部分。since要比as正式一些，它们通常被置于语句之前，但有时却相反。
2015年—2019年全国卷语法专项
语法填空
So, get an early start and try to be as productive ____ possible before lunch.(2016年全国2)
解析：考查as+adj+as possible的结构，故填as；
In much of Asia, especially the so-called＂rice bowl＂ cultures of China, Japan, Korea, Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.(2016年全国3)
解析：根据China, Japan, Korea, Vietnam,可知表示并列关系，故填and；
Over time, the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. (2016年全国3)
解析：根据句意，随着人口的增长，……;故填连词 as表示伴随；
I work not because I have to, because I want to.
解析：根据句意，我工作不是因为我必须，而是我想要工作，表转折，填but；
My grandfather still plays tennis now and then,_____he’s in his nineties.(2016,北京)
解析：根据句子的意思；我的爷爷有时还打网球，尽管他90多岁了，故，填though。
I really enjoy listening to music____ it helps me relax and takes my
mind away from other cares of the day.（北京高考）
解析：本题考查原因状语从句，根据含义，故填because/as.
_____online shopping has changed our life,not all of its effects have been positive.(浙江高考)
解析：根据句意，虽然网上购物已改变我们的生活，但并非所有的影响都是积极的，故填 Thouth/While
短文改错
There the air is clean or the mountains are green.（2015年全国1）
Though not very big ,but the restaurant is popular in our area .（2016年全国1）
Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are used for cooking. （2016年全国1）
If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money.（2016年全国2）
Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders, so once I started the car, my mind went blank.(2017年全国1)
I had grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years.（2017年全国3）
At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return every two years, but he agreed.（2018年全国1）
The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.（2018年全国2）
Everyone was silent, waiting to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud.（2018年全国3）
10. One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.(2019年全国1)
11. Suddenly a football fell just in front of me but almost hit me.(2019年全国2)
12. When I studied chemistry in high school, I reconsidered my goal or decided to be a doctor.（2019年全国3）
短文改错：
1.or改为and；2.去掉but；3.or改为and；4.but改为and；5.so改为but或yet；6.and改为but；7.but改为and；8.where改为when；9.and改为or；10.where改为when；11.but改为and；12.or改为and；
